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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 14, 2025

Assessing Binocular Central Visual Field and Binocular Eye Movements in a Dichoptic Viewing Condition
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A Depth-Dependent Integrated VF Simulation for Analysis and Visualization of Glaucomatous VF Defects.

Ping Liu1, Allison McKendrick1, Anna Ma-Wyatt2

  • 1Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Translational Vision Science & Technology
|July 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a depth-dependent integrated visual field (DD-IVF) simulation to better assess vision loss in glaucoma. The simulation reveals binocular visual defects across various depths, offering new insights for clinical evaluation.

Keywords:
functional visual fieldglaucomasimulationvolume perimetry

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Computational Vision
  • Medical Simulation

Background:

  • Standard visual field (VF) testing is monocular and at a single depth.
  • Real-world vision is binocular and multi-depth, crucial for daily activities.
  • Glaucoma and other bilateral vision impairments require depth-dependent visual assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and demonstrate a depth-dependent integrated visual field (DD-IVF) simulation.
  • To evaluate DD-IVF defects in 12 glaucomatous archetypes using the 24-2 VF pattern.
  • To provide a tool for better characterizing visual functioning in depth for clinical conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a DD-IVF simulation incorporating fixation, object, and interpupillary distances.
  • Mapped 12 monocular 24-2 glaucomatous VF archetypes to binocular DD-IVFs across multiple depths.
  • Used linear interpolation of sensitivities at each location and depth plane.

Main Results:

  • Generated 144 unique DD-IVFs from combinations of 12 glaucomatous archetypes and multiple depths.
  • The DD-IVF simulation is available as a Shiny app within the binovisualfields R package.
  • Impaired locations in DD-IVFs varied based on the overlap of visual field loss between eyes.

Conclusions:

  • The DD-IVF program effectively reveals binocular functional visual defects for glaucomatous 24-2 patterns.
  • This simulation is adaptable for empirically measured visual fields.
  • Findings support further empirical research into depth-dependent visual impairments in glaucoma and similar conditions.