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Stereotypies in adults: a systematic review
1Department of Neurology, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India.
Neurologia I Neurochirurgia Polska
|July 25, 2020
Summary
Stereotypies, abnormal involuntary movements, are common in adults but understudied. This review details their causes, symptoms, and treatments in adults, differentiating physiological from pathological types.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Neuroscience
- Movement Disorders
Background:
- Stereotypies are abnormal, involuntary, repetitive movements or vocalizations.
- While common in children, stereotypies in adults are less frequently reviewed.
- Adult stereotypies can be physiological (e.g., leg shaking) or pathological, linked to neurological and psychiatric conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the causes, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment of stereotypic movements in adults.
- To highlight the under-researched area of adult stereotypies.
- To differentiate between physiological and pathological stereotypies in adults.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on adult stereotypies.
- Analysis of case reports and case series.
- Synthesis of information on causes, mechanisms, symptoms, and treatments.
Main Results:
- Stereotypies in adults are associated with neurodegenerative disorders, encephalitis, stroke, psychiatric illness, and substance use.
- Physiological stereotypies include common habits like nail biting and leg shaking.
- Pathological stereotypies require thorough investigation for underlying neurological or psychiatric conditions.
Conclusions:
- Adult stereotypies encompass a range of conditions from benign habits to indicators of serious neurological disease.
- Further research is needed to understand the pathophysiology and optimize treatments for pathological stereotypies in adults.
- Clinical recognition and differentiation of adult stereotypies are crucial for appropriate management.
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