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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 13, 2025

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect
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Nanoscaled Bionic Periosteum Orchestrating the Osteogenic Microenvironment for Sequential Bone Regeneration.

Hanwen Li1, Huan Wang2, Jun Pan1

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 899 Pinghai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, P. R. China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|July 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a functionalized artificial periosteum that recruits skeletal stem cells (SSCs) and releases BMP2 to promote bone repair. The bionic periosteum effectively enhances bone healing by orchestrating the regenerative microenvironment.

Keywords:
bionic periosteumelectrospunhollow MnO2 nanoparticlesleptin receptor antibodyosteogenic microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Periosteum is crucial for bone repair, but existing artificial periosteum lacks stage-specific adaptation.
  • Current strategies primarily focus on material modification for bone formation, neglecting dynamic repair processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To construct a functionalized bionic periosteum that recruits skeletal stem cells (SSCs) and sequentially promotes bone regeneration.
  • To investigate the efficacy of the bionic periosteum in enhancing bone repair through targeted cell recruitment and controlled growth factor delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of an electrospun scaffold grafted with leptin receptor antibody (LepR-a) and loaded with BMP2-releasing hollow manganese dioxide (h-MnO2) nanoparticles via polydopamine (PDA) coating.
  • In vitro assessment of SSC adhesion to the LepR-a grafted scaffold.
  • In vivo evaluation of cell recruitment, osteogenic lineage commitment, and bone formation in cranial defects of Prx1-Cre/ERT2,-EGFP mice.

Main Results:

  • The bionic periosteum exhibited favorable mechanical properties and biocompatibility.
  • LepR-a grafting significantly enhanced SSC recruitment to the scaffold in vitro and in vivo.
  • Sustained BMP2 release from h-MnO2 nanoparticles promoted osteogenic differentiation and accelerated bone repair, evidenced by ALP, ARS, and micro-CT.
  • Osteogenic coupled capillaries formation was observed, potentially linked to PDGF-BB release.

Conclusions:

  • The developed multifunctional bionic periosteum effectively recruits and activates SSCs, orchestrating a sequential osteogenic microenvironment for enhanced bone healing.
  • This approach demonstrates a promising strategy for designing biomaterials that mimic natural bone regeneration stages.