Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

States of Water01:23

States of Water

55.6K
Water exists in any one of the three classical states: solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (steam or water vapor). The state of water depends on i) the intermolecular forces that draw molecules together and ii) the kinetic energy that leads to movements that pull them apart.
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...
55.6K
Phase Diagrams02:39

Phase Diagrams

47.7K
A phase diagram combines plots of pressure versus temperature for the liquid-gas, solid-liquid, and solid-gas phase-transition equilibria of a substance. These diagrams indicate the physical states that exist under specific conditions of pressure and temperature and also provide the pressure dependence of the phase-transition temperatures (melting points, sublimation points, boiling points). Regions or areas labeled solid, liquid, and gas represent single phases, while lines or curves represent...
47.7K
Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

67.8K
Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen...
67.8K
Cohesion01:07

Cohesion

57.8K
Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
On a...
57.8K
Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing02:39

Phase Transitions: Melting and Freezing

14.3K
Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
14.3K
Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties02:56

Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties

25.7K
25.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Photoelectrochemically homogeneous nickel oxide photocathode composed of nanocrystals prepared by supercritical hydrothermal synthesis.

Nanoscale advances·2026
Same author

Isotopomer-Specific Carbon Isotope Ratio of Complex Organic Molecules in Star-Forming Cores.

ACS earth & space chemistry·2026
Same author

An Extended Mixed Quantum/Classical Approach for Quantitative Calculation of Complex Refractive Index.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2025
Same author

Glass-forming ability of La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> evaluated via thermophysical properties under microgravity.

NPJ microgravity·2025
Same author

Three-Step Growth of Vapor-Deposited Ice under Mesospheric Temperature and Water Vapor Conditions.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2025
Same author

Role of small additive particles in hexagonal structure formation by colloidal heteroepitaxy.

The Journal of chemical physics·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 13, 2025

A Microfluidic Approach for the Study of Ice and Clathrate Hydrate Crystallization
08:01

A Microfluidic Approach for the Study of Ice and Clathrate Hydrate Crystallization

Published on: August 18, 2022

3.4K

High-Density Liquid Water at a Water-Ice Interface.

Hiromasa Niinomi1, Tomoya Yamazaki2, Hiroki Nada3

  • 1Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Miyagi, Japan.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
|July 25, 2020
PubMed
Summary

A novel high-density liquid layer forms at water-ice interfaces under high pressure, revealing immiscible water structures. This discovery offers new insights into interfacial water dynamics and structured water.

More Related Videos

Ice Generation and the Heat and Mass Transfer Phenomena of Introducing Water to a Cold Bath of Brine
08:16

Ice Generation and the Heat and Mass Transfer Phenomena of Introducing Water to a Cold Bath of Brine

Published on: March 13, 2017

14.3K
Measuring the Densities of Aqueous Glasses at Cryogenic Temperatures
09:50

Measuring the Densities of Aqueous Glasses at Cryogenic Temperatures

Published on: June 28, 2017

9.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 13, 2025

A Microfluidic Approach for the Study of Ice and Clathrate Hydrate Crystallization
08:01

A Microfluidic Approach for the Study of Ice and Clathrate Hydrate Crystallization

Published on: August 18, 2022

3.4K
Ice Generation and the Heat and Mass Transfer Phenomena of Introducing Water to a Cold Bath of Brine
08:16

Ice Generation and the Heat and Mass Transfer Phenomena of Introducing Water to a Cold Bath of Brine

Published on: March 13, 2017

14.3K
Measuring the Densities of Aqueous Glasses at Cryogenic Temperatures
09:50

Measuring the Densities of Aqueous Glasses at Cryogenic Temperatures

Published on: June 28, 2017

9.0K

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Geophysics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Ice surfaces catalyze crucial reactions impacting life.
  • Water-ice interfaces are vital but underexplored, especially on Earth and icy celestial bodies.
  • Previous research focused on water vapor-ice interfaces, neglecting liquid water-ice interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interfacial layer between liquid water and high-pressure ice phases (ice III and VI).
  • To characterize the structure and dynamics of this liquid layer.
  • To understand liquid-liquid phase separation phenomena at water-ice interfaces.

Main Methods:

  • In situ optical microscopy was employed to observe the water-ice interface.
  • Experiments were conducted within a sapphire anvil cell under high-pressure conditions.
  • Ice growth and melting processes were monitored to study interfacial layer formation.

Main Results:

  • A distinct high-density liquid layer was observed at the water-ice (III and VI) interface.
  • This liquid layer exhibited a bicontinuous pattern, indicative of immiscible water phases.
  • The observed pattern resembles spinodal decomposition in liquid-liquid phase separation.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a previously unrecognized liquid layer at high-pressure water-ice interfaces.
  • This finding suggests the presence of two distinct, immiscible water structures at the interface.
  • The research opens new avenues for studying ice surfaces and structured water.