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Sleep and Microbiome in Psychiatric Diseases
Jolana Wagner-Skacel1, Nina Dalkner2, Sabrina Moerkl2
1Department of Medical Psychology, Medical University of Graz (MUG), 8036 Graz, Austria.
Nutrients
|July 29, 2020
Summary
The gut microbiome influences mental health and sleep. Specific bacteria like Faecalibacterium and Lactobacillus show associations with improved sleep quality in bipolar disorder patients.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Microbiology
- Psychiatry
Background:
- The gut-brain axis links gut microbiome function to host mental and physiological states.
- Gut microbiome disturbances are implicated in the pathophysiology of various mental disorders.
- The gut microbiome plays a role in regulating circadian rhythms, nutrition, and sleep.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current literature on the gut microbiome's role in psychiatric disorders, focusing on sleep, circadian rhythms, and nutrition.
- To explore the relationship between the gut microbiome and sleep disturbances in conditions such as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and anxiety disorders.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed for studies published between April 2015 and April 2020.
- Keywords included "sleep, microbiome and psychiatry" and specific psychiatric conditions, as well as "clock gene expression" and microbiome/nutrition.
- Inclusion criteria focused on studies examining the sleep-microbiome relationship in psychiatric patients.
Main Results:
- Two cross-sectional studies involving 154 individuals with bipolar disorder were identified.
- One interventional study on fecal microbiota transplantation in 17 individuals with irritable bowel syndrome and sleep was included.
- In bipolar disorder, Faecalibacterium was linked to better sleep quality, and Lactobacillus showed a correlation with sleep.
Conclusions:
- Current translational research in this area is limited.
- Further investigation into the bidirectional relationship between sleep and the gut microbiome in mood disorders is necessary.
- Understanding these pathways could offer novel therapeutic targets for psychiatric conditions.
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