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Fish TNF and TNF receptors.
Yaoguo Li1, Tiaoyi Xiao2, Jun Zou3,4,5,6
1Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center of Featured Aquatic Resources Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.
Tumor necrosis factors (TNFs) are crucial for vertebrate immunity. Fish exhibit a diverse TNF family, offering insights into immune evolution and disease resistance in aquaculture.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Evolutionary Biology
- Aquatic Biology
Background:
- Tumor necrosis factors (TNFs) are vital cytokines regulating vertebrate physiological processes.
- The TNF superfamily is highly diversified in fish due to genome duplication, making them a model for studying TNF evolution.
- Fish possess many mammalian TNF and receptor homologues, plus unique fish-specific ones, but lack TNFSF4, TNFSF7, and TNFSF8.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advances in fish TNF biology.
- To focus on the molecular properties and immunological functions of the TNF and TNFR superfamily in fish.
- To explore the evolutionary significance of TNFs in fish immunity and disease.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing research on fish TNF and TNFR superfamily.
- Analysis of molecular properties and immunological functions of fish TNFs.
- Comparative analysis of TNF families across vertebrate lineages.
Main Results:
- Fish TNF family is significantly diversified, with some unique members and absences (e.g., TNFSF4, TNFSF7, TNFSF8 in teleosts).
- Fish viruses can produce TNFR homologues to manipulate host immunity.
- Understanding fish TNF roles aids evolutionary insights and aquaculture health strategies.
Conclusions:
- Fish TNF superfamily provides a unique model for studying TNF evolution and function.
- Research on fish TNFs enhances understanding of immune defense and disease pathogenesis.
- Insights into fish TNF biology can improve aquaculture health and welfare.
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