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Updated: Dec 13, 2025

A Whole Mount In Situ Hybridization Method for the Gastropod Mollusc Lymnaea stagnalis
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Mollusc shellomes: Past, present and future.

Frédéric Marin1

  • 1UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne - Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France.

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|July 30, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mollusc shell formation involves diverse proteins (

Keywords:
BiomineralEmergent propertyMatrixMolluscShellShellomics

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Area of Science:

  • * Biomineralization and Materials Science
  • * Molecular Biology and Proteomics
  • * Evolutionary Biology and Systems Biology

Background:

  • * Mollusc shell fabrication relies on a complex repertoire of secreted macromolecules, including proteins and polysaccharides.
  • * These macromolecules, termed shellomes, are integral to the shell structure and mineralization process.
  • * High-throughput approaches have revealed significant diversity in shellomes across different mollusc genera.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To analyze the diversity and functional roles of shell proteins (shellomes) in molluscs.
  • * To explore the complex systems biology of shellomes, including their self-organizing properties and emergent microstructures.
  • * To develop a conceptual framework reconciling shellome plasticity, evolvability, and microstructural constraints.

Main Methods:

  • * High-throughput analysis of shell proteomes ('shellomes').
  • * Bioinformatic analysis of functional domains within shell proteins.
  • * Development of a conceptual model for shellome organization and evolution.

Main Results:

  • * Demonstrated significant diversity in shellomes across approximately thirty mollusc genera.
  • * Identified recurrent functional domains in shell proteins involved in biomineralization, enzymatic activity, immunity, and signaling.
  • * Highlighted the presence of low-complexity domains with unclear functions and the emergent properties of shellomes at the supramolecular level.

Conclusions:

  • * Shellomes are complex, self-organizing systems best understood through systems biology approaches.
  • * A conceptual scheme is proposed to explain shellome plasticity, evolvability, and microstructural constraints.
  • * Further research into shellome macroevolution, maturation, and temporal transformation is warranted.