Wearable Wrist Movement Monitoring Using Dual Surface-Treated Plastic Optical Fibers

Regarding high-sensitivity human wrist joint motion monitoring in exercise rehabilitation; we develop a pair of novel wearable and sensitivity-enhanced plastic optical fiber (POF) strain sensors consisting of an etched grating fiber and a side-polished fiber stitched into a polyamide wrist brace. The two flexible and surface-treated fibers are; respectively; featured with an etched periodic gratings with a pitch of 6 mm and a depth of 0.5 mm and a D-shaped side-polished zone of ~300 µm depth and ~30 mm length; which, correspondingly, show the sensitivities of around 0.0176/° and 0.0167/° in a normalized bending angle by far larger than a conventional commercial POF, because it achieves a more sensitive strain-induced evanescent field interaction with the side-machined fibers. Moreover, in terms of the sensor response to bending deformation in the range of -40°~+40°, the former exhibits a better sensitivity in lower angle change, while the latter is superior as the bending angle increases; thereby arranging the two modified POFs separately at the side and back of the human wrist, in order to decouple the wrist joint behaviors induced by typical flexion-extension or abduction-adduction movements. Then, the circular and pentagonal wrist motion trajectory patterns are investigated, to demonstrate the maximum average single-axis motion error of 2.94° via the transformation of spatial angle to plane coordinate for the fabricated couple of POF sensors, which is lower than a recognized standard of 5°, thus suggesting the great potential in wearable exercise rehabilitation of human joints in the field of medical treatment and healing.