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Reproductive Dysfunction from Exercise Training: The "Exercise-Hypogonadal Male Condition".

Amy R Lane1, Carlos A Magallanes2, Anthony C Hackney1

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Archivos De Medicina Del Deporte : Publicacion De La Federacion Espanola De Medicina Del Deporte
|July 30, 2020
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Endurance exercise can lower testosterone in men, causing the Exercise-Hypogonadal Male Condition (EHMC). This may impact reproductive health and fertility, requiring clinical awareness.

Keywords:
Bone HealthEndurance trainingExercise-Hypogonadal male conditionReproductive system dysfunctionfertility

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Sports Medicine
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Athletic amenorrhea and the Female Athlete Triad in women involve reproductive system changes due to intense training.
  • Similar reproductive alterations are observed in men undergoing chronic endurance exercise training.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the effects of exercise training on the male reproductive system.
  • To discuss the Exercise-Hypogonadal Male Condition (EHMC) and its potential implications.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review of existing literature on exercise training and male reproductive health.
  • Analysis of studies investigating hormonal changes in male endurance athletes.

Main Results:

  • Chronic endurance exercise in men can lead to persistently reduced testosterone levels without compensatory luteinizing hormone increases, defining EHMC.
  • The underlying mechanism is suspected to be hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis dysfunction.
  • Potential negative impacts on anabolic-androgenic processes and possible spermatogenesis issues, raising infertility concerns, are noted.

Conclusions:

  • EHMC is associated with chronic endurance exercise and may affect male reproductive health.
  • Reduced testosterone in EHMC men could disrupt physiological processes and pose infertility risks.
  • Endocrinologists and fertility specialists should be aware of EHMC as a potential diagnosis in exercising males.