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A Polyaniline-based Sensor of Nucleic Acids

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Sensitive and selective ctDNA detection based on functionalized black phosphorus nanosheets.

Chi Huang¹, Shushu Hu², Xue Zhang³

¹Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine, Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China; Materials Interfaces Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.

Biosensors & Bioelectronics

|July 31, 2020

Summary

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A novel biosensor using functionalized black phosphorus nanosheets offers sensitive detection of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for early cancer diagnosis. This technology promises faster and more accurate cancer monitoring.

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Materials Science
Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a crucial biomarker for early cancer detection.
Current methods for ctDNA analysis lack sensitivity and practicality.
Development of advanced biosensors is needed for effective ctDNA identification.

Purpose of the Study:

To fabricate a novel biosensor for sensitive and selective ctDNA detection.
To utilize nitrophenyl functionalized black phosphorus nanosheets (NP-BPs) for enhanced DNA sensing.
To establish a practical platform for early cancer diagnosis and monitoring.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a biosensor using nitrophenyl functionalized black phosphorus nanosheets (NP-BPs).
Evaluation of the biosensor's affinity towards single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) versus double-stranded DNA (dsDNA).

Keywords:

Biosensor Black phosphorus Nitrophenyl Surface functionalization Two-dimensional materials ctDNA

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Assessment of fluorescence enhancement upon specific ctDNA target binding.

Main Results:

The NP-BPs biosensor demonstrated higher quenching efficiency and affinity for ssDNA compared to dsDNA.
A 5.4-fold fluorescence enhancement was observed in the presence of specific ctDNA targets.
The biosensor achieved a low detection limit (50 fM) and a wide linear range (50 fM–80 pM) with rapid results (15 min).
The platform successfully discriminated single nucleotide polymorphisms in clinical serum samples.

Conclusions:

The NP-BPs biosensor provides a sensitive, selective, and rapid method for ctDNA detection.
This technology holds significant potential for early cancer diagnosis and monitoring cancer progression.
The developed sensing platform demonstrates applicability in analyzing clinical samples and identifying genetic variations.