[Biomarkers in inflammatory bowel disease].

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology and Clinical Immunology
• Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

• Biomarkers are vital for non-invasive evaluation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
• They guide clinical decisions including diagnosis, severity assessment, relapse prediction, and treatment response.
• Common blood biomarkers (e.g., ESR, CRP) lack specificity despite accessibility.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the advantages and disadvantages of biomarkers in IBD.
• To discuss current clinical applications of IBD biomarkers.
• To highlight emerging biomarkers under investigation.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in IBD.
• Analysis of clinical utility and specificity of various biomarker types.
• Discussion of current research trends in IBD biomarker discovery.

Main Results:

• Fecal biomarkers, particularly fecal calprotectin, demonstrate superior reliability and specificity compared to blood-based markers.
• While blood biomarkers are accessible, their low specificity limits their utility in IBD management.
• Ongoing research is exploring novel biomarkers for improved IBD patient care.

Conclusions:

• Fecal biomarkers represent a significant advancement in the non-invasive assessment of IBD.
• Optimizing biomarker selection is key to personalized IBD management.
• Continued research into new biomarkers promises enhanced diagnostic and prognostic capabilities for IBD.