[Cardiac myxomas. Analysis of 78 cases]
Lorenzo Merello1, Victoria Elton2, Diego González2
1Servicio Anestesia Cardiovascular, Hospital Gustavo Fricke, Viña del Mar, Chile.
Insights
Cardiac myxomas present with nonspecific symptoms like dyspnea. Surgical resection offers excellent long-term results with low recurrence rates, necessitating echocardiographic follow-up for early detection.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Cardiac Surgery
- Oncology
Background:
- Cardiac tumors, including myxomas, are rare but can cause significant symptoms.
- Understanding the clinical presentation and outcomes of cardiac myxoma is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the clinical features of cardiac myxomas.
- To evaluate the long-term outcomes following surgical resection of cardiac myxomas.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of a surgical patient database from 1990-2018.
- Analysis of clinical presentation, comorbidities, surgical details, and long-term follow-up data.
Main Results:
- 78 patients (53 ± 15 years, 65% female) with cardiac myxoma were analyzed.
- Common symptoms included dyspnea (33%), neurological deficits (30%), and pulmonary edema (5%). Left atrium was the most frequent location (87%).
- Low mortality (1.3%) and recurrence rates (7%) were observed, with a mean follow-up of 10.4 years.
Conclusions:
- Cardiac myxoma diagnosis often relies on nonspecific symptoms.
- Surgical excision provides favorable short- and long-term outcomes.
- Regular echocardiographic follow-up is essential to detect potential recurrences, especially in non-hereditary cases.
Background:
The incidence rates of cardiac tumors are low.
Aim:
To report the clinical presentation of cardiac myxomas and long-term evolution after resection.
Material And Methods:
Review of a database of surgical patients undergoing surgical resection of a cardiac myxoma in a public hospital between 1990 and 2018.
Results:
Seventy-eight patients aged 53 ± 15 years (65% females) were included. The most frequent comorbidities were arterial hypertension (40.5%), hypothyroidism (15%) and diabetes mellitus (12%). The main presenting symptoms were dyspnea (33%), neurological deficit secondary to embolism (30%) and acute pulmonary edema (5%). The most common location was the left atrium, in 87%. During surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamp times were 50.2 ± 19.6 and 33.4 ± 15.2 min, respectively. One patient died due to severe neurological involvement. Follow-up was completed in seventy-seven patients, with a mean echocardiographic follow-up time of 10.4 ± 7.7 years. Thirty-four patients were followed for more than 10 years. Six patients (7.7%) died during the follow-up and in six patients (7%) a recurrence was identified.
Conclusions:
Cardiac myxoma usually has nonspecific symptoms. Surgical excision offers excellent short and long-term results. Complications and recurrence rates are low in non-hereditary myxomas but obligates to perform echocardiographic follow-up for early diagnosis of recurrence.
More Related Videos
03:45Investigating the Pathogenesis of MYH7 Mutation Gly823Glu in Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy using a Mouse Model
Published on: August 8, 2022
06:29Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for the Evaluation of Suspected Cardiac Thrombus: Conventional and Emerging Techniques
Published on: June 11, 2019
Related Concept Videos
01:27Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests
01:23Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests
01:29Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
01:25Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification
01:21Myocarditis I: Introduction