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Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Psychological Disorders01:19

Introduction to Psychological Disorders

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Abnormal behavior, often referred to as mental illness, results from changes in brain function that influence thought patterns, behaviors, and social interactions. Psychologists and psychiatrists typically assess abnormal behavior using three primary criteria: deviance, maladaptation, and personal distress, particularly when these traits persist over long periods.
Deviant Behavior
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Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation.
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Community-based interventions in mental health represent a paradigm shift from institution-centered care to treatments embedded within the fabric of local communities. By prioritizing inclusion and leveraging existing societal structures, this approach fosters a supportive environment conducive to addressing mental health challenges while promoting individual dignity and agency.
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The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
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Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
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The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic...
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Defining Severe and Persistent Mental Illness-A Pragmatic Utility Concept Analysis.

Naomi Zumstein1,2, Florian Riese1,3

  • 1URPP "Dynamics of Healthy Aging", University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Frontiers in Psychiatry
|August 1, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The definition of severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) is not standardized, requiring context-specific operationalization. SPMI is a partially mature concept, best understood as a patient population, not a disease.

Keywords:
SPMIpalliative psychiatrypragmatic utility concept analysissevere and persistent mental illnesssystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Mental Health Services Research

Background:

  • The concept of severe and persistent mental illness (SPMI) lacks a universally accepted definition.
  • Variations in definitions arise from differing interpretations of its core features and operationalization methods.

Approach:

  • This study employed pragmatic utility (PU) concept analysis to clarify the definition of SPMI.
  • The analysis aimed to assess the conceptual maturity of SPMI.

Key Points:

  • SPMI is identified as a partially mature concept requiring further refinement.
  • The inherent challenge in defining SPMI lies in its nature as a patient population rather than a distinct disease entity.
  • A consensus on the core dimensions (diagnosis, disability, duration) is achievable, but their operationalization must be context-dependent.

Conclusions:

  • The lack of a uniform definition for SPMI is a consequence of its application across diverse stakeholder needs.
  • Operationalizing SPMI definitions must be tailored to specific contexts and objectives.
  • Future efforts should focus on developing flexible, context-aware operationalizations for SPMI.