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Person Profile Dementia Intervention in Long-Term Care: A Stepped-Wedge Cluster-Randomized Trial
Frank Spichiger1, Andrea L Koppitz2, Florian Riese3
1University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland HES-SO Fribourg, School of Health Sciences, Institute of Applied Health Research, Fribourg, Switzerland; University of Lausanne, Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare, Lausanne, Switzerland.
This study found that person-centered care interventions significantly improved the quality of life for individuals with dementia in long-term care. The findings support implementing these interventions involving staff and families.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Dementia Care Research
- Clinical Nursing Interventions
Background:
- Quality of life (QoL) is a critical concern for individuals with dementia residing in long-term care facilities.
- Person-centered care (PCC) approaches aim to enhance the well-being of residents by focusing on individual needs and preferences.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of a person-centered care intervention in enhancing the quality of life for people with dementia.
- To compare a collaborative nurse-led PCC intervention with standard care in long-term care settings.
Main Methods:
- A stepped-wedge cluster-randomized clinical trial was conducted across 23 long-term care facilities in Switzerland.
- The intervention involved monthly person-centered outcome measurements and collaborative nurse-led person profile development with staff and family.
- Quality of life was measured using the QUALIDEM scale, with secondary outcomes assessed via QUALIDEM and Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale for People with Dementia subscales.
Main Results:
- The study included 240 participants with dementia (Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, or clinical symptoms).
- The person-centered care intervention resulted in a statistically significant improvement in overall QoL, with a mean QUALIDEM score increase of 2.6 points (P < .001).
- Positive effects were observed across all secondary outcome measures, indicating broad benefits of the intervention.
Conclusions:
- Monthly person profile interventions, grounded in person-centered outcome measurements, yield a modest yet significant enhancement in the quality of life for individuals with dementia.
- The findings suggest that integrating person profiles involving nursing staff and family members holds potential benefits for widespread adoption in long-term care settings.
- This study underscores the value of tailored, collaborative approaches in improving dementia care outcomes.
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