Trigonometric Concept of Fluoroscopy-Guided Percutaneous Renal Access
Danny Darlington1, Jagatheswaran Chinnathambi1, Arunkumar Jamburaj1
1Urology, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondicherry, IND.
Abstract:
Percutaneous nephrolithotomy is the standard surgical management of large renal calculi. Percutaneous renal access using the triangulation method has been an enigma for the endourologist to master and teach. This surgical conundrum is due to the uncertainty in the angle and depth required to puncture the target calyx. We describe a novel trigonometric method of renal access where both the angle and the depth of puncture are easily determined before the puncture.
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