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Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells
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Cellular Senescence: Mechanisms, Morphology, and Mouse Models.

Jessica Beck1,2, Izumi Horikawa1, Curtis Harris1

  • 1Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, 313611National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Veterinary Pathology
|August 4, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cellular senescence, a state of aged cells, drives age-related diseases. Targeting these persistent senescent cells offers therapeutic potential for conditions like neurodegeneration and fibrosis.

Keywords:
SASPagingcancercellular senescencechronic diseaseexperimental animal modelsinflammationreview

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cell Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Cellular senescence is a protective cell cycle arrest in damaged or aged cells.
  • Persistent senescent cells promote chronic inflammation and tissue dysfunction via the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP).
  • SASP contributes to age-associated diseases like Alzheimer's, pulmonary fibrosis, and atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms, biomarkers, and pathology of cellular senescence and SASP.
  • To discuss the role of cellular senescence in both human and veterinary diseases.
  • To examine cell culture and mouse models used in senescence research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cellular senescence mechanisms, SASP, and associated diseases.
  • Analysis of various mouse models, including SAMP, knockout mice (p53, p21, p16), and senolysis models (p16-3MR, INK-ATTAC).
  • Examination of studies investigating the therapeutic potential of targeting senescent cells.

Main Results:

  • Cellular senescence is crucial for tumor suppression, embryogenesis, and wound healing.
  • Persistent senescent cells and SASP are implicated in the progression of multiple age-associated diseases.
  • Mouse models demonstrate the utility of studying senescence and its therapeutic targeting.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular senescence plays a dual role in health and disease, acting as a tumor suppressor but contributing to aging pathology when persistent.
  • Targeting senescent cells represents a promising therapeutic strategy for age-related diseases.
  • Further research into senescence mechanisms and therapeutic interventions is warranted.