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Magnetically-Assisted Remote Controlled Microcatheter Tip Deflection under Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Hydraulically Steerable Micro Guidewire Capable of Distal Sharp Steering.

Seunggyu Kang, Doo Yong Lee

    IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering
    |August 4, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    A novel 400 μm hydraulically steerable guidewire navigates small vessels (1 mm diameter) with sharp turns (>90 degrees). This advancement improves access in complex vascular anatomies.

    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Medical Devices
    • Fluid Dynamics

    Background:

    • Current steerable catheters and guidewires face limitations in accessing small-diameter vessels due to size and steering constraints.
    • Effective navigation within narrow and tortuous vascular networks remains a significant challenge in minimally invasive procedures.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and evaluate a novel hydraulically steerable guidewire with a 400 μm diameter for enhanced vascular access.
    • To enable navigation into vessels as small as 1 mm diameter, including those with wide bifurcation angles (>90 degrees).

    Main Methods:

    • Design of a steering mechanism using a flexible eccentric tube with micro patterns, capable of bending into two distinct curvatures via hydraulic pressure.
    • Fabrication via a template-based method using 3D printing, stamping, and silicone coating, avoiding adhesion or division.

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  • Performance evaluation in a custom-built blood circulatory system mimicking arterial conditions (viscosity, pressure, flow velocity, and bifurcation geometry).

    • Main Results:

    • The 400 μm guidewire successfully accessed 1 mm diameter vessels.
    • The guidewire demonstrated the ability to navigate bifurcations with angles up to 128 degrees.
    • The steering mechanism's dual curvature design (2 mm distal sharp curve, 9 mm proximal gradual curve) facilitates access in both confined and larger diameter vessels.

    Conclusions:

    • The hydraulically steerable guidewire offers a promising solution for accessing challenging small-diameter vessels.
    • The novel design and fabrication method provide improved steering capacity and access in complex vascular anatomies.
    • The use of biocompatible materials ensures safety for potential clinical applications.