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Effects of Modified Magnetite Nanoparticles on Bacterial Cells and Enzyme Reactions

Lyubov S Bondarenko1, Ekaterina S Kovel2,3, Kamila A Kydralieva1

  • 1Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), 125993 Moscow, Russia.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 6, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) impact bacteria and enzymes, with surface modifications altering effects. Humic acid-coated MNPs showed inhibitory activity, highlighting their role in iron cycling.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) are increasingly studied for their environmental and biological impacts.
  • Understanding the relationship between MNP characteristics and their effects on microbial systems is crucial for risk assessment and application.
  • Bacterial bioluminescence and enzymatic reactions are sensitive indicators of environmental stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biological effects of bare and surface-modified magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) on bacterial and enzymatic bioassays.
  • To correlate MNP characteristics, such as zeta-potential and hydrodynamic diameter, with observed biological effects.
  • To assess the potential antioxidant or pro-oxidant activity of MNPs under oxidative stress conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized three types of MNPs: bare Fe3O4, Fe3O4/APTES, and Fe3O4/HA.
  • Employed *Photobacterium phosphoreum* bioluminescence and bacterial enzymatic reactions as bioassays.
  • Studied MNP effects at low concentrations (< 2 mg/L) and under oxidative stress induced by 1,4-benzoquinone.

Main Results:

  • Bare Fe3O4 MNPs exhibited inhibitory effects on both bacterial and enzymatic bioassays at low concentrations.
  • Surface-modified MNPs (Fe3O4/APTES and Fe3O4/HA) did not inhibit enzymatic activity.
  • Fe3O4/HA MNPs demonstrated additional inhibitory activity under oxidative stress, suggesting no antioxidant properties.

Conclusions:

  • MNP effects are influenced by surface properties, iron ion availability, and surface charge.
  • Humic substances and silica play a role in the biogeochemical cycling of iron.
  • Bioluminescence and enzymatic assays are effective tools for evaluating Fe3+ bioavailability in iron-containing nanoparticle dispersions.
Keywords:
NADH:FMN-oxidoreductasePhotobacterium phosphoreumbacterial assaybioluminescenceenzymatic assayhumic acids-coated magnetite nanoparticleshydrodynamic diameterluciferasemagnetite nanoparticlesoxidative stresssilica-coated magnetite nanoparticlestoxicityzeta potential

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