Analytical expression of aperture efficiency affected by Seidel aberrations
Optics Express
|August 6, 2020
Summary
Aberrations impact antenna aperture efficiency, especially in wide field-of-view systems. This study analytically derives conditions to minimize spherical aberration and coma effects, improving system performance and pointing accuracy.
Area of Science:
- Optical engineering
- Antenna theory
- Electromagnetics
Background:
- Aberrations significantly impact optical system performance, particularly in wide field-of-view (FOV) systems.
- Analytical methods for quantifying aberration effects on aperture efficiency are limited.
- Zernike polynomials offer a robust framework for analyzing wavefront errors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analytically investigate the impact of aberrations on antenna aperture efficiency.
- To derive conditions for mitigating the effects of specific Seidel aberrations (spherical aberration and coma).
- To establish a method for calculating aperture efficiency using Zernike polynomial expansions.
Main Methods:
- Wavefront error and feed pattern expansion using Zernike polynomials.
- Analytical derivation of aperture efficiency considering Seidel aberrations.
- Physical Optics (PO) simulations for validation.
Main Results:
- Explicitly demonstrated the influence of Seidel aberrations on aperture efficiency.
- Derived conditions to reduce the impact of spherical aberration and coma.
- Showed that the condition for coma can also reduce pointing errors.
- Validated analytical results with PO simulations, achieving <2% precision for Strehl ratios > 0.8.
Conclusions:
- The Zernike polynomial expansion provides an effective analytical tool for calculating aperture efficiency in the presence of aberrations.
- Specific conditions can be implemented to minimize detrimental effects of spherical aberration and coma.
- The derived analytical expressions offer high precision for performance prediction in systems with good optical quality (Strehl ratio > 0.8).
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