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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 13, 2025

Construction and Characterization of External Cavity Diode Lasers for Atomic Physics
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Hybrid integrated InP-Si3N4 diode laser with a 40-Hz intrinsic linewidth.

Youwen Fan, Albert van Rees, Peter J M van der Slot

    Optics Express
    |August 6, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    We developed a tunable diode laser with an ultra-narrow intrinsic linewidth of 40 Hz. This breakthrough in integrated photonics offers high performance for advanced applications.

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    Widely tunable and narrow-linewidth hybrid-integrated diode laser at 637 nm.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics
    • Laser Physics
    • Integrated Optics

    Background:

    • Achieving narrow intrinsic linewidths in diode lasers is crucial for high-resolution applications.
    • Existing methods often face limitations such as nonlinear loss at higher output powers.
    • Integrated photonic solutions are sought for miniaturization and enhanced functionality.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To demonstrate a hybrid integrated diode laser with a significantly narrowed intrinsic linewidth.
    • To achieve wide spectral tunability and high output power simultaneously.
    • To explore the potential for further linewidth reduction in a compact platform.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a hybrid integration approach combining a diode laser with a low-loss feedback circuit.
    • Implemented a single-roundtrip, single-mode dielectric filter for feedback.

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  • Extended the effective cavity length to 0.5 meters on-chip.
  • Investigated linewidth narrowing as a function of laser power.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved an intrinsic linewidth as narrow as 40 Hz.
    • Demonstrated single-frequency oscillation with up to 23 mW fiber-coupled output power.
    • Obtained 70-nm wide spectral coverage around 1.55 μm with 3 mW output.
    • Reached over 60 dB side mode suppression.
    • Observed linewidth narrowing with increasing laser power without nonlinear loss.

    Conclusions:

    • The demonstrated hybrid integrated laser offers unprecedented narrow linewidth and wide tunability.
    • The use of dielectric filters overcomes nonlinear loss limitations, enabling power-dependent linewidth narrowing.
    • This technology is highly promising for integration into photonic circuits for advanced applications in microwave photonics, communications, sensing, and metrology.