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Chip-integrated extended-cavity mode-locked laser in the visible.

Lisa V Winkler, Govert Neijts, Hubertus M J Bastiaens

|December 13, 2024

Summary

Researchers developed the first chip-integrated mode-locked diode laser in the visible spectrum. This breakthrough uses a gallium arsenide chip and silicon nitride circuit for applications in imaging and photonics.

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Area of Science:

Photonics and Laser Technology
Integrated Optics
Semiconductor Lasers

Background:

Mode-locked lasers are crucial for advanced applications like biological imaging and single-photon generation.
Previous chip-integrated mode-locked lasers were limited to the infrared spectrum due to propagation loss and alignment challenges in visible light.
Realizing visible-spectrum chip-integrated lasers requires overcoming significant fabrication and integration hurdles.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate the first chip-integrated mode-locked diode laser operating in the visible spectrum.
To overcome the limitations of propagation loss and alignment tolerances in visible-light integrated photonics.
To enable new applications requiring compact, visible-spectrum ultrashort pulse sources.

Main Methods:

Utilized a gallium arsenide (GaAs) gain chip integrated with a low-loss silicon nitride (SiN) photonic circuit for cavity extension.
Employed a saturable absorber (SA) fabricated by focused ion beam (FIB) milling for passive mode-locking.
Designed an integrated photonic circuit to facilitate cavity extension and stable laser operation.

Main Results:

Successfully demonstrated a chip-integrated mode-locked diode laser at a center wavelength of 642 nm.
Achieved an average output power of 3.4 mW.
Observed a spectral bandwidth of 1.5 nm with a repetition rate of 7.84 GHz.

Conclusions:

This work presents the first chip-integrated mode-locked diode laser in the visible range.
The integrated photonic circuit approach effectively extends the cavity and enables passive mode-locking.
The demonstrated laser paves the way for miniaturized visible light sources for diverse scientific and technological applications.