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Confidence as a Priority Signal.

David Aguilar-Lleyda1, Maxime Lemarchand1, Vincent de Gardelle1,2

  • 1Centre d'Économie de la Sorbonne (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique [CNRS] and Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne).

Psychological Science
|August 7, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Confidence in decisions acts as a priority signal, guiding task order. This finding suggests confidence influences behavior by prioritizing tasks based on subjective accuracy.

Keywords:
confidencedecision-makingmetacognitionopen dataopen materialsplanningpreregisteredprioritization

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Decision Science

Background:

  • Humans frequently encounter multiple tasks requiring sequential decision-making.
  • The mechanisms governing task prioritization are not fully understood.
  • Confidence, a subjective assessment of decision accuracy, may play a role.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether confidence serves as a priority signal in task ordering.
  • To determine if confidence influences the sequence of completed or yet-to-be-completed tasks.
  • To explore the generalizability of confidence as a priority signal across different decision types.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted multiple experiments with varying sample sizes (N=16-105), including a preregistered replication.
  • Participants performed perceptual categorization tasks and mental calculation tasks.
  • Assessed decision confidence and task ordering preferences.

Main Results:

  • Participants prioritized decisions associated with higher confidence when ordering responses.
  • A slight bias towards choosing tasks with higher confidence was observed.
  • These effects were independent of task difficulty, accuracy, or implicit demands.

Conclusions:

  • Confidence functions as a crucial priority signal in regulating task order.
  • This highlights a novel mechanism through which confidence influences human behavior.
  • Findings extend beyond perceptual tasks to nonperceptual decision-making.