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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 12, 2025

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

[An infant with vesicles on the arm].

M Scholten¹, W Opstelten^2,3

¹Huisartsenpraktijk Vondelplein, Amersfoort.

Nederlands Tijdschrift Voor Geneeskunde

|August 7, 2020

Summary

A 9-month-old infant developed herpes zoster due to insufficient immunity from maternal antibodies. Varicella zoster virus (VZV) was detected, leading to a localized rash.

Area of Science:

Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Virology
Immunology

Background:

Neonatal and infant immunity relies partly on maternal antibodies.
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox and shingles (herpes zoster).
Maternal antibodies can interfere with infant vaccine responses and natural immunity development.

Observation:

A 9-month-old infant presented with a vesicular rash on the arm affecting the C8 dermatome.
The infant had a history of VZV exposure at 5 months of age.
At the time of exposure, the infant was protected by maternal VZV-specific antibodies.

Findings:

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis of vesicle fluid confirmed the presence of varicella zoster virus (VZV).
The infant's prior passive immunity from maternal antibodies likely prevented robust VZV-specific immune development.

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This inadequate immunity allowed for the subsequent manifestation of herpes zoster (shingles) in infancy.

Implications:

This case highlights the potential for herpes zoster in infants even with maternal antibody protection.
It underscores the complex interplay between maternal antibodies and the development of active immunity in early life.
Understanding these dynamics is crucial for managing VZV infections and vaccination strategies in infants.