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Related Concept Videos

Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving01:29

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Mechanistic models play a crucial role in algorithms for numerical problem-solving, particularly in nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NMEM). These models aim to minimize specific objective functions by evaluating various parameter estimates, leading to the development of systematic algorithms. In some cases, linearization techniques approximate the model using linear equations.
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Precision-based modeling approaches for necrotizing enterocolitis.

Mark L Kovler1, Chhinder P Sodhi1, David J Hackam2,3

  • 1Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a severe infant disease, is better understood using new "NEC-in-a-dish" models. These precision models utilize human cells to advance NEC research and drug discovery for improved patient outcomes.

Keywords:
EnteroidNecrotizing enterocolitisPremature intestineToll-like receptor 4

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Hepatology
  • Neonatal Research
  • Translational Medicine

Background:

  • Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a primary cause of mortality in premature infants, posing significant treatment challenges.
  • Current animal models of NEC, while valuable, often lack complexity and human tissue integration.
  • Existing models limit a comprehensive understanding of NEC pathogenesis and hinder effective drug discovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advancements in NEC model development.
  • To introduce precision "NEC-in-a-dish" ex vivo models for studying NEC pathogenesis.
  • To identify key unanswered questions in NEC research to guide future investigations.

Main Methods:

  • Development of precision "NEC-in-a-dish" ex vivo models.
  • Utilizing human or animal intestinal cells exposed to NEC-associated environmental and microbial factors.
  • Comparative analysis of traditional animal models versus novel ex vivo systems.

Main Results:

  • "NEC-in-a-dish" models offer a more human-relevant platform for NEC research.
  • These models facilitate the study of NEC pathogenesis by incorporating specific environmental and microbial triggers.
  • The review highlights the potential of these models for accelerating NEC drug discovery.

Conclusions:

  • Precision "NEC-in-a-dish" models represent a significant advancement in NEC research.
  • Further investigation into fundamental NEC questions using these models is crucial.
  • A renewed focus on precision model development promises improved outcomes for infants with NEC.