Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

88
Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid...
88
Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis01:16

Cellular Injury IV: Necrosis

63
Necrosis is a form of irreversible cell death caused by severe injury such as ischemia, toxins, or trauma. Unlike programmed cell death, it is an uncontrolled, pathological process that typically provokes inflammation in surrounding tissues.Pathophysiologic ChangesNecrosis begins when cells sustain critical damage, leading to swelling of organelles, particularly mitochondria, and rapid ATP depletion. As energy levels decline, membrane ion pumps fail, leading to calcium influx and eventually,...
63
Necrosis01:16

Necrosis

5.2K
Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
5.2K
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

1.5K
Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
1.5K
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

34
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal...
34
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

47
Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
47

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Postmortem examination after deaths in neonatal units in England and Wales, 2017-2022: a national observational study.

Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition·2026
Same author

Placental maternal vascular malperfusion pathology is associated with decreased school performance at age 12.

Placenta·2026
Same author

Association between exposure to stress and experienced discomfort in preterm infants.

Pediatric research·2026
Same author

A Factor Analysis of the COMFORTneo Scale: What Are We Measuring?

Paediatric & neonatal pain·2026
Same author

Early regional splanchnic oxygen saturation and the development of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants 28-32 weeks of gestation.

Early human development·2026
Same author

Gorm Greisen and the transformation of our understanding of newborn brain physiology: a tribute on the occasion of his retirement, on behalf of the ESPR NIRS Special Interest Group.

Pediatric research·2026
Same journal

Primary aldosteronism.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
Same journal

Primary aldosteronism.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
Same journal

Buruli ulcer in Africa: between innovation and pragmatism.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
Same journal

Author Correction: Atopic dermatitis.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
Same journal

Integrating sexual health into care for patients with cancer and chronic illness.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
Same journal

Chronic graft-versus-host disease.

Nature reviews. Disease primers·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 2, 2026

In Vitro Apical-Out Enteroid Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
09:11

In Vitro Apical-Out Enteroid Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Published on: June 8, 2022

2.2K

Necrotizing enterocolitis.

David J Hackam1,2, Neena Modi3, Jan Hulscher4

  • 1Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. dhackam1@jhmi.edu.

Nature Reviews. Disease Primers
|April 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe condition in premature infants. Advances in understanding NEC pathogenesis are improving diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, offering hope for better infant outcomes.

More Related Videos

A Neonatal BALB/c Mouse Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
05:39

A Neonatal BALB/c Mouse Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Published on: November 30, 2021

3.5K
Author Spotlight: Enhancing Understanding and Treatment Strategies with the NEC-on-a-Chip Model
06:51

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Understanding and Treatment Strategies with the NEC-on-a-Chip Model

Published on: July 28, 2023

2.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 2, 2026

In Vitro Apical-Out Enteroid Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
09:11

In Vitro Apical-Out Enteroid Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Published on: June 8, 2022

2.2K
A Neonatal BALB/c Mouse Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis
05:39

A Neonatal BALB/c Mouse Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis

Published on: November 30, 2021

3.5K
Author Spotlight: Enhancing Understanding and Treatment Strategies with the NEC-on-a-Chip Model
06:51

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Understanding and Treatment Strategies with the NEC-on-a-Chip Model

Published on: July 28, 2023

2.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a leading cause of mortality in neonatal intensive care units.
  • Current diagnostic and treatment strategies for NEC have seen limited advancement over the past three decades.
  • A deeper understanding of NEC pathogenesis is crucial for improving patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on NEC epidemiology, pathogenesis, and management.
  • To discuss the long-term complications and morbidity experienced by NEC survivors.
  • To explore future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for NEC.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive review of recent research advances in NEC.
  • Synthesis of insights from an international team of clinician-investigators.
  • Focus on epidemiology, pathogenesis, optimal management, and surgical considerations.

Main Results:

  • Recent research has enhanced the understanding of NEC pathogenesis.
  • Improved diagnostic and preventative approaches are emerging.
  • Future care will likely involve advanced molecular and imaging diagnostics with targeted therapies.

Conclusions:

  • Advances in understanding NEC pathogenesis are leading to improved diagnostic and treatment approaches.
  • Early decision-making and understanding long-term complications are vital for NEC patients.
  • Future innovations in diagnostics and targeted therapies hold promise for improving outcomes in infants with NEC.