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Related Concept Videos

Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management01:25

Pericarditis IV: Nursing Management

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Pericarditis, an inflammation of the pericardium, necessitates diligent nursing management to ensure effective patient care and recovery. The initial step in managing pericarditis is a comprehensive patient medical assessment.The patient reports chest pain aggravated by breathing, coughing, and swallowing, which worsens when lying supine. The pain often improves when sitting up and leaning forward. Additional symptoms may include fever, malaise, and, in severe cases, signs of heart failure.
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Pericarditis I: Introduction01:22

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Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
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Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:19

Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

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Pericarditis is distinguished by inflammation of the pericardium, the fibrous sac that encases the heart. It can be acute, lasting less than six weeks, or chronic, persisting for over three months. Understanding its clinical manifestations and diagnostic findings is crucial for timely and effective management.Clinical ManifestationsWhile pericarditis can be asymptomatic, it usually presents with characteristic symptoms such as:Chest Pain: The most characteristic symptom of pericarditis is chest...
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Pericarditis III: Medical Management01:17

Pericarditis III: Medical Management

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The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
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Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

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Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
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Pleural Effusion I: Introduction01:25

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Pleural effusion is an abnormal fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity, a narrow space between the lungs and the chest wall. It is not a disease per se but rather a symptom or indication of an underlying disease. In normal circumstances, this space contains a small amount of fluid (5 to 15 mL), a lubricant facilitating the non-frictional movement of the pleural surfaces.
There are two main types of pleural effusion: transudative and exudative. They are differentiated using Light's...
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Pericardial Effusion-Associated Hyponatremia.

Ahmed A Hanfy1, Nicholas T Manasewitsch1, Bryce D Beutler1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Nevada, USA.

Case Reports in Cardiology
|August 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Pericardial effusion can rarely cause hyponatremia (low sodium). This case study shows that draining the effusion corrected the condition, aligning with existing literature on this rare association.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Nephrology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Pericardial effusion is an uncommon cause of hyponatremia.
  • Hyponatremia associated with pericardial effusion often resolves after pericardiocentesis.

Observation:

  • A 67-year-old male presented with hyponatremia.
  • The hyponatremia was linked to pericardial effusion following cardiac resynchronization therapy-D device placement.

Findings:

  • Pericardial effusion-associated hyponatremia in this patient resolved after fluid evacuation.
  • This case supports the literature linking pericardial effusion to hyponatremia.

Implications:

  • Highlights a rare but treatable cause of hyponatremia.
  • Emphasizes the importance of considering pericardial effusion in unexplained hyponatremia, especially post-cardiac device implantation.