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Related Concept Videos

Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway02:54

Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway

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The gene encoding the main signaling molecules of the Wnt signaling pathways (the Wnt proteins) was discovered almost four decades ago by Nüsslein-Volhard and Wieschaus. They identified and originally named the gene "wingless" (wg) after a phenotype discovered during their landmark genetic screen in Drosophila for body pattern defects. At around the same time, another researcher named Harold Varmus found that a murine tumor virus activates the mammalian wg homolog, Int-1, which...
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Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways01:41

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Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
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mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

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The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
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The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a...
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Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

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The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
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Three-Dimensional Bone Extracellular Matrix Model for Osteosarcoma
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Wnt Signaling in Osteosarcoma.

Amit Singla1, Jichuan Wang1,2, Rui Yang1

  • 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|August 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Wnt signaling, crucial for development and homeostasis, has complex roles in human diseases, including cancer. This review focuses on the Wnt pathway

Keywords:
Cancer stem cellDickkopfFrizzled- related proteinOsteosarcomaWntWnt inhibitory proteinβ-Catenin

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Wnt molecules are secreted glycoproteins vital for embryogenesis and tissue homeostasis.
  • Wnt signaling influences cell proliferation, fate, and differentiation, impacting numerous biological processes.
  • Dysregulation of Wnt signaling is implicated in various human disorders, including cancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the Wnt signaling pathway.
  • To discuss the role of Wnt signaling in osteosarcoma.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of Wnt signaling.
  • Analysis of Wnt pathway's role in mesenchymal tumors and osteosarcoma.

Main Results:

  • Wnt signaling's role in epithelial malignancies is established.
  • Its function in mesenchymal tumors, including osteosarcoma, is complex and debated.
  • Wnt signaling impacts cancer stem cell function.

Conclusions:

  • The Wnt pathway has pleiotropic effects in normal development and disease.
  • Further research is needed to clarify Wnt signaling's dual role in osteosarcoma.
  • Understanding Wnt signaling is critical for cancer therapeutics.