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Drugs and the periodontium
1Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental School, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Journal of Clinical Periodontology
|January 1, 1988
Summary
Systemic drug therapies can impact periodontal health, causing issues like gingival hyperplasia or altering immune responses to plaque. Understanding drug effects and mechanisms is crucial for managing periodontal disease activity.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Periodontology
- Immunology
Background:
- Systemic drug therapies can significantly influence the periodontium and periodontal disease activity.
- Adverse effects include gingival hyperplasia, while some drugs modulate immune and inflammatory responses to bacterial plaque.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the effects of drug therapy on the periodontium and periodontal disease activity.
- To correlate observed changes with the pharmacodynamics of the drugs involved.
- To elucidate mechanisms of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia.
Main Methods:
- Literature review categorizing drugs affecting the periodontium.
- Analysis of drug pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics in relation to periodontal changes.
- Discussion of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Drugs categorized include anti-epileptics, immunosuppressants, corticosteroids, NSAIDs, and hormones.
- Established pharmacodynamics of certain drugs correlate with altered periodontal disease activity.
- Mechanisms of drug-induced gingival hyperplasia are linked to drug pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics.
Conclusions:
- Systemic drug therapy presents a significant factor in periodontal health and disease progression.
- Understanding drug mechanisms offers insights into periodontal destruction pathways.
- Drug-induced gingival hyperplasia is a notable adverse effect with specific pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic underpinnings.