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Cardiac Involvement in Children With COVID-19.
1Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Division of Pediatrics, Comer Children's Hospital and Pritzker School of Medicine of the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. Correspondence to: Dr Utkarsh Kohli, Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Division of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, 5481 S Maryland Ave., RM-C104E, MC 4051, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. utkarshkohli@gmail.com.
Indian Pediatrics
|August 10, 2020
Summary
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) typically causes mild illness in children, but can lead to severe cardiac complications. This review examines cardiac involvement and post-COVID-19 syndromes in pediatric patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
Background:
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in children usually present with mild symptoms.
- A subset of pediatric patients exhibit severe manifestations, including pneumonia, acute kidney injury, multi-organ failure, and cardiac injury.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review cardiac involvement in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- To discuss the likely immune-mediated post-COVID-19 syndrome in pediatric populations.
- To briefly outline therapeutic strategies for cardiac dysfunction in these settings.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 cases with cardiac manifestations.
- Review of studies on post-COVID-19 immune-mediated syndromes in children.
- Synthesis of current therapeutic approaches for pediatric cardiac dysfunction related to COVID-19.
Main Results:
- While generally mild, SARS-CoV-2 can cause significant cardiac injury in children.
- A post-COVID-19 immune-mediated syndrome affecting the cardiovascular system has been identified in pediatric cases.
- Therapeutic options for cardiac dysfunction are being explored for both acute infection and post-COVID syndromes.
Conclusions:
- Cardiac involvement is a critical concern in severe pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infections.
- The post-COVID-19 syndrome presents a distinct challenge requiring further investigation and management strategies.
- Understanding and addressing cardiac complications are essential for optimizing outcomes in children affected by SARS-CoV-2.
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