Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Non-equilibrium in the Cell01:16

Non-equilibrium in the Cell

5.2K
An important concept in studying metabolism and energy is that of chemical equilibrium. Most chemical reactions are reversible. They can proceed in both directions, releasing energy into their environment in one direction, and absorbing it from the environment in the other direction. The same is true for the chemical reactions involved in cell metabolism, such as the breaking down and building up of proteins into and from individual amino acids, respectively. Reactants within a closed system...
5.2K
Introduction to Cognitive Psychology01:20

Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

2.0K
Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...
2.0K
Ethical Dilemmas II01:30

Ethical Dilemmas II

1.9K
Resolving an ethical dilemma in healthcare involves a systematic approach that considers every aspect of the issue, respecting both the patient's needs and values and the healthcare professional's ethical obligations. Here are potential steps to resolve an ethical dilemma:
1.9K
Ethical Issues01:27

Ethical Issues

1.7K
Nurses are essential in patient care, upholding the ethical principles of their profession and effectively navigating ethical dilemmas. Neglecting ethical issues can lead to inadequate patient care, compromised therapeutic relationships, and moral distress among healthcare workers.
Ethical Concerns in Healthcare:
1.7K
Ethical Dilemmas I01:17

Ethical Dilemmas I

1.5K
Ethical dilemmas in nursing are of utmost importance, as they often arise from the tension between adhering to core ethical principles and the practical realities of healthcare delivery. These dilemmas require nurses to navigate complex situations where competing ethical considerations pull them in different directions.
Let us explore some examples to understand the potentially complex moral decisions nurses face.
Take the case of caring for minors, particularly in areas related to reproductive...
1.5K
Natural and Artificial Concepts01:24

Natural and Artificial Concepts

448
In psychology, concepts can be divided into two categories: natural and artificial. Natural concepts are formed through direct or indirect experiences. For example, consider the concept of snow. If you live in a place with regular snowfall, such as Essex Junction, Vermont, you know snow through direct experiences. You’ve seen it fall, touched it, shoveled it, and played in it. You recognize its texture, appearance, and even its smell. In contrast, if you live on an island like Saint...
448

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Neuroretinal Layer Thinning on OCT Imaging and Hemoglobin A1c in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes.

JAMA ophthalmology·2026
Same author

Artificial intelligence-based retinal imaging for brain health assessment: a scoping review.

The Lancet. Digital health·2026
Same author

Centering the marginalized: AI-driven strategies for advancing health equity in rare disease care.

Patterns (New York, N.Y.)·2026
Same author

Global approval and certification of ophthalmic AI devices: A comparative regulatory perspective.

Asia-Pacific journal of ophthalmology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same author

Large Language Models in Ophthalmology: A Bibliographic Analysis.

Turkish journal of ophthalmology·2026
Same author

<i>In vivo</i> fundus imaging and computational refocusing with a diffuser-based fundus camera.

Biophotonics discovery·2026
Same journal

Laser vision correction (LASIK, PRK, SMILE) with simultaneous accelerated corneal crosslinking.

Current opinion in ophthalmology·2026
Same journal

Traumatic macular hole: observe, operate, or other options.

Current opinion in ophthalmology·2026
Same journal

The evolving role of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology: basic science, translation, and clinical integration.

Current opinion in ophthalmology·2026
Same journal

Editorial: reducing risk for refractive surgery.

Current opinion in ophthalmology·2026
Same journal

Updates on Refractive Surgery: Benefits, Risks, and Costs of Modern Treatment Options.

Current opinion in ophthalmology·2026
Same journal

Corneal Allogeneic Intrastromal Ring Segments for keratoconus - recent evidence and the move to customized and custom shaped CAIRS.

Current opinion in ophthalmology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 12, 2025

High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Enhance Metacognitive Sensitivity
06:11

High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Enhance Metacognitive Sensitivity

Published on: September 26, 2025

547

Controversies in artificial intelligence.

T Y Alvin Liu1, Neil M Bressler

  • 1Retina Division, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
|August 10, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Deep learning in ophthalmology faces challenges in explainability, generalizability, and bias. Addressing these complex issues requires an interdisciplinary approach for successful AI integration in eye care.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 12, 2025

High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Enhance Metacognitive Sensitivity
06:11

High-definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation over Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex to Enhance Metacognitive Sensitivity

Published on: September 26, 2025

547

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Computer Science
  • Medical Ethics

Background:

  • Deep learning is increasingly applied in ophthalmology.
  • These applications raise significant ethical and technical questions.
  • A review of recent controversies is warranted.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review four controversial topics in deep learning for ophthalmology.
  • To highlight key challenges and areas for future research.
  • To inform the responsible development of AI in eye care.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent controversial topics.
  • Analysis of issues related to explainability, generalizability, bias, and data privacy.
  • Synthesis of findings across clinical, public health, and computer science domains.

Main Results:

  • Lack of explainability in deep learning models.
  • Limited generalizability of AI algorithms across different patient populations and settings.
  • Potential for algorithmic bias and concerns regarding patient data confidentiality.
  • Discussion of four key controversial areas in AI ophthalmology.

Conclusions:

  • The success of artificial intelligence in ophthalmology hinges on addressing complex, interdisciplinary issues.
  • An integrated approach involving clinical medicine, public health, computer science, and legal/ethical considerations is crucial.
  • Future advancements require collaborative efforts to overcome current controversies.