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Related Concept Videos

Meiosis vs. Mitosis02:57

Meiosis vs. Mitosis

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Cell division is necessary for growth and reproduction in organisms. Mitosis aids cell growth and development by dividing somatic cells. In contrast, meiosis causes the division of germ cells and plays an essential role in sexual reproduction. Due to their unique functional requirements, mitosis and meiosis differ from each other in multiple aspects.
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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
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Isolation of Leukocytes from the Murine Tissues at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
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Sexually Dimorphic Crosstalk at the Maternal-Fetal Interface.

Tianyanxin Sun1, Tania L Gonzalez1, Nan Deng2

  • 1Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
|August 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Fetal sex impacts early placental communication. Researchers found 91 sexually dimorphic receptor-ligand pairs, revealing distinct maternal-fetal signaling pathways influenced by fetal sex hormones.

Keywords:
first trimester placentahuman pregnancyplacenta cell typesreceptor-ligandsex differencessingle-cell RNA sequencing

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Maternal-fetal crosstalk is crucial for successful pregnancy.
  • Fetal sex is known to influence pregnancy outcomes.
  • Early placental development and signaling are not fully understood in relation to fetal sex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of fetal sex on maternal-fetal crosstalk during early placentation.
  • To identify sexually dimorphic receptor-ligand interactions at the maternal-fetal interface.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) of first-trimester placenta and decidua.
  • Identification of sexually dimorphic genes and receptor-ligand pairs.
  • Transcriptomic profiling and immunohistochemistry.

Main Results:

  • Identified 91 sexually dimorphic receptor-ligand pairs.
  • Observed sex-specific differences in 5 major cell types, including trophoblasts.
  • CC chemokine ligands (CCL) were more prevalent in females, while male fetuses showed significant regulation by dihydrotestosterone.

Conclusions:

  • Maternal-fetal crosstalk demonstrates sexual dimorphism in early placentation.
  • Fetal sex influences placental signaling pathways, potentially affecting pregnancy outcomes.