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A narrative review with practical advice on how to decrease pain and distress during venepuncture and peripheral

Giorgio Cozzi1, Paolo Valerio2, Robert Kennedy3

  • 1Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy.

Acta Paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)
|August 11, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Managing pain and distress during paediatric venepuncture and intravenous cannulation is crucial. This review offers evidence-based strategies for neonates and children, including those with cognitive impairment or difficult venous access, to improve practice.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Pain Management
  • Medical Procedures

Background:

  • Venepuncture and peripheral intravenous cannulation are common pediatric procedures.
  • These interventions can cause significant pain and distress in children.
  • Effective pain management is essential for pediatric patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence on managing pain and distress during pediatric venepuncture and cannulation.
  • To identify effective psychological and pharmacological interventions.
  • To provide a management strategy for improving daily practice.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of evidence on pain and distress management.
  • Focus on environmental preparation, patient assessment, and parental involvement.
  • Specific consideration for neonates, children with cognitive impairment, and difficult intravenous access.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports a multimodal approach including environmental, psychological, and pharmacological strategies.
  • Parental involvement and tailored patient preparation are key.
  • Specific techniques are effective for vulnerable pediatric populations.

Conclusions:

  • Implementing evidence-based strategies can significantly reduce pain and distress.
  • A brief, actionable management strategy is proposed for healthcare providers.
  • Improving pain management enhances the experience of pediatric patients undergoing common procedures.

Keywords:
childrendistressintravenous cannulationpain management

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