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Related Concept Videos

Structural Classification of Joints01:20

Structural Classification of Joints

6.6K
Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
A fibrous joint is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective...
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Method of Joints: Problem Solving II01:30

Method of Joints: Problem Solving II

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Consider a truss structure with frictionless joints fixed to a wall and roller support. If a force of 150 N is applied to joint A, the forces in each member of the truss can be determined using the method of joints.
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Method of Joints: Problem Solving I01:30

Method of Joints: Problem Solving I

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The method of joints is a commonly used technique to analyze the forces in structural trusses. The method is based on the principle of equilibrium, which assumes that the truss members are connected by frictionless pins. The forces at each joint can be determined by considering the equilibrium of the forces acting on that joint. Consider a truss structure with two forces of 20 N and 10 N acting at joints C and D, respectively. The method of joints can be used to determine the forces FCB, FDC,...
1.6K
Method of Joints01:30

Method of Joints

1.2K
The method of joints is a commonly used technique to analyze the forces in structural trusses. The method is based on the principle of equilibrium, which assumes that the truss members are connected by frictionless pins. The forces at each joint can be determined by considering the equilibrium of the forces acting on that joint.
Since plane truss members are in the same plane, each joint is subjected to a coplanar and concurrent force system. To apply the method of joints, the first step is to...
1.2K
Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

6.2K
Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
6.2K
Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

6.0K
Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 12, 2025

Origami Inspired Self-assembly of Patterned and Reconfigurable Particles
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Origami Inspired Self-assembly of Patterned and Reconfigurable Particles

Published on: February 4, 2013

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MR-Conditional SMA-Based Origami Joint.

Austin J Taylor1, Trent Slutzky2, Leah Feuerman3

  • 1College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA.

IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics : a Joint Publication of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society and the ASME Dynamic Systems and Control Division
|August 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Origami techniques create a novel, cost-effective, MR-conditional surgical joint. This foldable robotic joint reduces assembly needs and is ideal for minimally invasive, MRI-guided procedures.

Keywords:
MRIdisposableendoscopyorigamisurgical

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Area of Science:

  • Robotics
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Origami structures offer compact joints and circuitry for robotics.
  • Minimally invasive surgical instruments benefit from slimline, foldable designs.
  • Origami's potential for cost reduction and use of non-metallic materials is advantageous for MRI-guided procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an MR-conditional surgical joint using origami techniques.
  • To reduce costs by simplifying assembly and material usage.
  • To explore applications in endoscopy and MRI-guided surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized curved-folding origami techniques to create a compliant rolling-contact joint.
  • Constructed a chain of joints from a single sheet of material to eliminate assembly.
  • Fabricated a prototype and tested its bending degree, response time, and actuation force.

Main Results:

  • The prototype joint demonstrated a bending degree of ±9 degrees per joint.
  • Achieved a response time under 4 seconds and an actuation force of 0.5 N.
  • MRI results showed minimal artifact (<1 mm) and SNR reduction (<10%), confirming MR conditional properties.

Conclusions:

  • Origami-based joints offer a cost-effective, low-assembly solution for surgical instruments.
  • The developed MR-conditional joint is suitable for MRI-guided procedures and minimally invasive applications like endoscopy.
  • This technique facilitates the creation of disposable, flexible, and non-magnetic surgical devices.