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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Biological Samples with Optical Microscopy01:18

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Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
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The early pioneers of microscopy opened a window into the invisible world of microorganisms. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes that leveraged nonvisible light, such as fluorescence microscopy that uses an ultraviolet light source and electron microscopy that uses short-wavelength electron beams. These advances significantly improved magnification, image resolution, and contrast. By comparison, the...
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Microfabrication of Implantable Optics Integrated in a Microstructured Imaging Window for Advanced In Vivo Imaging
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Integrating Optics and Parametrically-Resonant Micro-Scanner Design for Large Working Distance Implantable

Tayebeh Sahraeibelverdi1, Ahmad Shirazi2, Miki Lee3

  • 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.

IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics : a Joint Publication of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society and the ASME Dynamic Systems and Control Division
|August 26, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents an optimized design for miniature implantable fluorescence microscopes, integrating optical paths and microelectromechanical system (MEMS) scanning mirrors. The novel approach enhances scan rates for improved imaging in neuroscience research.

Keywords:
Biomedical optical imagingmechatronic designmicroelectromechanical systems (MEMSs)microsystems

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Optical Engineering
  • Microelectromechanical Systems

Background:

  • Developing miniature, implantable fluorescence microscopes is crucial for in vivo biological research.
  • Achieving a large working distance (WD) and field-of-view (FOV) while maintaining sub-cellular resolution presents significant design challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the interdependent design of optical paths and microelectromechanical system (MEMS) scanning mirrors for miniature implantable fluorescence microscopes.
  • To maximize scan rate for high-NA focusing with a specified WD and FOV, enabling efficient subsurface imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Employed linearized and numerical ray analyses to decouple optical and mechanical design aspects.
  • Combined dynamic rotational analysis with a novel failure voltage model for parametrically-resonant electrostatic MEMS scanning mirrors.
  • Optimized mirror parameters for speed within optical constraints and selected a compatible optical path for a small objective diameter.

Main Results:

  • Developed a prototype instrument capable of sub-cellular resolution imaging.
  • Achieved a field-of-view (FOV) of approximately 500 x 500 μm² at a working distance (WD) of up to 300 μm.
  • Validated the prototype's performance on imaging targets and excised mouse brain tissue.

Conclusions:

  • The interdependent design approach successfully integrated optical and MEMS scanning mirror components.
  • The developed miniature microscope offers significant potential for advanced in vivo imaging applications, particularly in neuroscience.