Two-Port Thoracoscopic Myectomy for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy With Three-Dimensional Printing

Septal myectomy is recommended for patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy refractory to maximal medical therapy for relieving the left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. However, poor visualization techniques and limited procedural volume restrict the progress of inexperienced surgeons performing this procedure, while inflicting minimal trauma is always clinically desirable. Therefore, this report presents a 2-port thoracoscopic septal myectomy with intuitive simulation consisting of 3-dimensional reconstruction and printing.