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Exosomal miRNAs as biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic in lung cancer

Jing Wu1, Zuojun Shen1,2

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, P.R. China.

Cancer Medicine
|August 12, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Exosomes carrying microRNAs (miRNAs) and other noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) show potential as lung cancer biomarkers. Further research is needed to confirm their diagnostic and prognostic value in patients.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Exosomes facilitate intercellular communication by transferring molecules like microRNA (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA).
  • These exosomal RNAs are increasingly implicated in the development and progression of lung cancer.
  • The presence of RNA-containing exosomes in body fluids has spurred interest in their clinical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on exosomal miRNAs and other ncRNAs as diagnostic and prognostic markers for lung cancer.
  • To highlight the role of exosomal RNAs in lung cancer pathogenesis and intercellular communication.

Main Methods:

  • Review of human studies focusing on exosomal miRNAs and ncRNAs in lung cancer.
  • Analysis of existing data regarding the diagnostic and prognostic potential of these biomarkers.

Main Results:

  • Exosomal miRNAs and ncRNAs are present in various body fluids.
  • Preliminary evidence suggests exosomal miRNAs can serve as early diagnostic and prognostic indicators for lung cancer.
  • The precise roles and clinical utility require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Exosomal RNAs represent a promising, minimally invasive source for lung cancer biomarkers.
  • Additional research is essential to validate exosomal miRNAs and ncRNAs for clinical use in lung cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
Keywords:
biomarkerdiagnosticexosomal miRNAlung cancernon-coding RNAprognostic

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