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Related Concept Videos

Breathing01:05

Breathing

63.7K
The process of breathing, inhaling and exhaling, involves the coordinated movement of the chest wall, the lungs, and the muscles that move them. Two muscle groups with important roles in breathing are the diaphragm, located directly below the lungs, and the intercostal muscles, which lie between the ribs. When the diaphragm contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating more room for the lungs to expand. When the intercostal muscles contract, the ribs...
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Alterations in Respiration II01:30

Alterations in Respiration II

1.3K
There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients.
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes...
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Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation01:25

Hyperpnea and Hyperventilation

2.0K
Hyperventilation refers to a higher-than-normal rate and depth of breathing, often associated with anxiety attacks. This excessive breathing surpasses the body's need to expel CO2, leading to a condition known as hypocapnia - an unusually low level of carbon dioxide in the blood. Hypocapnia can constrict cerebral blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the brain, which may result in dizziness or fainting. Early signs include tingling and muscle spasms in the hands and face, caused by falling...
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Acute Respiratory Failure-III01:30

Acute Respiratory Failure-III

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Hypercapnic respiratory failure, also known as Type 2 or ventilatory respiratory failure, is a severe condition characterized by the body's inability to effectively remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the bloodstream. It leads to an arterial CO2 pressure (PaCO2) exceeding 45 mmHg and a blood pH above 7.35. This situation indicates that the body's ventilatory demand, or the ventilation needed to maintain normal PaCO2 levels, surpasses its supply or the maximum gas flow achievable without...
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Mechanism of Breathing II: Expiration01:23

Mechanism of Breathing II: Expiration

1.7K
The Physiology of Expiration: A Seamless Respiratory Process
Expiration, or exhaling, is a complex physiological process that begins as the inspiratory muscles begin to relax. This relaxation triggers a series of events that epitomize the efficiency of the respiratory system.
Mechanism of Expiration:
1.7K
Mechanism of Breathing I: Inspiration01:30

Mechanism of Breathing I: Inspiration

2.7K
Introduction to Inspiration: The Respiratory System in Action
The respiratory system, an essential network for breathing, comprises the conducting and respiratory zones, each playing a crucial role in the overall process of respiration. Let us explore the detailed mechanism of inspiration, or inhalation, which is the first phase of the respiratory cycle.
Pathway of Air during Inspiration
During inspiration, air enters our body through the nose or mouth and moves through the conducting zone,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 12, 2025

Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction
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Oxygenation-sensitive Cardiac MRI with Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers for the Non-invasive Assessment of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction

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I can't breathe.

Kanekal Suresh Gautham1

  • 1Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA. gksuresh@bcm.edu.

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|August 13, 2020
PubMed
Summary

The phrase "I can't breathe" highlights critical health disparities affecting Black infants and their families. Clinicians must address these inequities in neonatal care and beyond to ensure equal treatment and outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Health
  • Health Disparities
  • Racial Discrimination

Background:

  • The slogan "I can't breathe" underscores global protests against racial discrimination.
  • Persistent, decades-long health outcome and service disparities exist for Black infants and families.
  • Extensive literature documents these disparities and their contributing factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To remind neonatal clinicians of significant health disparities.
  • To galvanize action within neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and beyond.
  • To advocate for equal treatment and compensatory measures for affected patients and families.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on racial disparities in neonatal health.
  • Analysis of health outcomes and services for Black infants.

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Investigation into Deep Breathing through Measurement of Ventilatory Parameters and Observation of Breathing Patterns
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Investigation into Deep Breathing through Measurement of Ventilatory Parameters and Observation of Breathing Patterns

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  • Call to action for healthcare professionals.

    • Main Results:

    • Stark disparities in neonatal health outcomes and services for Black infants persist.
    • Existing literature confirms these long-standing inequities.
    • The need for immediate clinical and systemic action is evident.

    Conclusions:

    • The phrase "I can't breathe" should motivate action to address racial disparities in neonatal care.
    • Equal treatment and compensatory measures are essential for Black infants and families.
    • Systemic changes are required within and beyond the NICU to achieve health equity.