Mechanisms and modeling of electrohydrodynamic phenomena

Area of Science:

• Physics and Engineering
• Additive Manufacturing
• Materials Science

Background:

• Additive manufacturing (AM) is a rapidly growing field with increasing demand for high-resolution fabrication methods.
• Electrohydrodynamics (EHD) offers unique advantages for direct inkjet printing applications.
• Understanding EHD principles is crucial for advancing precision manufacturing techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the fundamental mechanisms governing the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) phenomenon.
• To provide insights into the principles and historical development of EHD.
• To bridge the understanding between EHD principles and high-resolution 3D inkjet printing.

Main Methods:

• Review of theoretical models describing cone formation, cone-jet transition, and jet stability.
• Presentation of experimental approaches used to study EHD jetting.
• Discussion of scaling laws for predicting jet diameter and emitted current.

Main Results:

• Significant progress in EHD high-resolution deposition as a direct additive manufacturing method.
• Identification of stable cone-jet formation as the critical factor for precision EHD printing.
• Availability of scaling laws to predict key printing parameters across different ranges.

Conclusions:

• EHD inkjet printing is a promising direction for future additive manufacturing advancements.
• Further research efforts are expected to drive progress in EHD-based 3D printing.
• This review consolidates knowledge on EHD phenomena relevant to high-resolution printing.