Monitoring behavioral symptoms of dementia using activity trackers

Tertiary disease prevention for dementia focuses on improving the quality of life of the patient. The quality of life of people with dementia (PwD) and their caregivers is hampered by the presence of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), such as anxiety and depression. Non-pharmacological interventions have proved useful in dealing with these symptoms. However, while most PwD exhibit BPSD, their manifestation (in frequency, intensity and type) varies widely among patients, thus the need to personalize the intervention and its assessment. Traditionally, instruments to measure behavioral symptoms of dementia, such as NPI-NH and CMAI, are used to evaluate these interventions. We propose the use of activity trackers as a complement to monitor behavioral symptoms in dementia research. To illustrate this approach we describe a nine week Cognitive Stimulation Therapy conducted with the assistance of a social robot, in which the ten participants wore an activity tracker. We describe how data gathered from these wearables complements the assessment of traditional behavior assessment instruments with the advantage that this assessment can be conducted continuously and thus be used to tailor the intervention to each PwD.