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Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

Published on: September 16, 2021

Thermoprotective molecules to improve oocyte competence under elevated temperature.

Marcelo T Moura¹, Fabíola F Paula-Lopes¹

¹Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP, Diadema, SP, Brazil.

|August 14, 2020

Summary

Heat stress harms livestock reproduction, especially oocytes. This review covers heat stress effects, cellular responses, and protective molecules to improve oocyte quality and fertility.

Keywords:

Hyperthermia IVM Mitigating Oogenesis Thermoprotection

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Area of Science:

Reproductive Biology
Environmental Stress Physiology
Animal Science

Background:

Heat stress disrupts animal homeostasis and negatively impacts livestock reproductive function.
Oocytes and early embryos are highly susceptible to elevated temperatures, leading to reduced developmental competence.
Cellular and molecular damage occurs in oocytes exposed to heat stress.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the detrimental effects of heat shock on oocyte developmental competence.
To outline heat-induced cellular and molecular changes in oocytes.
To explore pro-survival mechanisms and thermoprotective molecules for mitigating heat stress impacts.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on heat stress and oocyte biology.
Analysis of cellular and molecular responses to thermal stress.
Identification and evaluation of thermoprotective agents.

Main Results:

Elevated temperatures cause significant damage to oocyte developmental competence.
Oocytes activate cellular mechanisms like heat shock response, unfolded protein response, and autophagy to survive heat shock.
Thermoprotective molecules show potential in alleviating oxidative stress, organelle damage, and apoptosis in oocytes.

Conclusions:

Heat stress poses a significant threat to oocyte quality and reproductive success in livestock.
Understanding oocyte stress responses is crucial for developing mitigation strategies.
Targeting cellular pathways and utilizing thermoprotective molecules can enhance oocyte resilience and improve fertility under heat stress conditions.