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Related Concept Videos

Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

29.8K
The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
29.8K
Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

13.7K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
13.7K
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

3.7K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.7K
Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

8.8K
Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
8.8K
Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation01:28

Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Unlike the easy catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene double bond, hydrogenation of a benzene double bond under similar reaction conditions does not take place easily. For example, in the reduction of stilbene, the benzene ring remains unaffected while the alkene bond gets reduced. Hydrogenation of an alkene double bond is exothermic and a favorable process. In contrast, to hydrogenate the first unsaturated bond of benzene, an energy input is needed; that is, the process is endothermic. This is...
5.5K

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Updated: Dec 12, 2025

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production
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Hydrogen in Nanocatalysis.

Victor Fung1,2, Guoxiang Hu1,2, Zili Wu2,3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
|August 14, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hydrogen

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Area of Science:

  • Computational chemistry
  • Surface science
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Hydrogen is crucial for many catalytic reactions, including water splitting and CO2 reduction.
  • Understanding hydrogen's interaction with catalysts is key to developing new catalytic processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To computationally investigate the hydrogen atom and its electron interactions within catalytic systems.
  • To elucidate parameters influencing hydrogen-surface interactions in nanocluster and solid catalysts.

Main Methods:

  • Computational analysis of hydrogen-electron interactions.
  • Examination of site geometry and electronic structure effects on hydrogen binding.
  • Study of hydride behavior in nanometals and oxides.

Main Results:

  • Hydrogen's moderate electronegativity and small size enable versatile interactions with active sites.
  • Hydrogen binding strength is a critical descriptor of catalyst properties.
  • Hydrogen binding energetics correlate strongly with catalyst electronic structure.
  • Hydrides exhibit unique reactivity in reduction reactions on various catalytic surfaces.

Conclusions:

  • Computational insights reveal hydrogen's versatile role in catalysis.
  • Tailoring hydrogen binding strength via electronic structure is key for catalyst design.
  • Hydrides present promising avenues for efficient reduction catalysis.