[Oxidative stress in focal symptomatic and cryptogenic epilepsy in young patients]
A I Fedin1, E V Starykh1, O A Baranova1
1Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Insights
Oxidative stress impacts epilepsy patients, with decreased antioxidant defense observed even after initial seizures. These changes persist across different epilepsy types, indicating ongoing free-radical process alterations.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Biochemistry
- Oxidative Stress Research
Background:
- Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures.
- Oxidative stress, an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants, is implicated in various diseases.
- Understanding oxidative stress in epilepsy is crucial for potential therapeutic strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate oxidative stress markers in young epilepsy patients with focal symptomatic and cryptogenic epilepsy.
- To assess oxidative stress levels in relation to seizure onset, remission, and treatment resistance.
- To evaluate pro-oxidant and antioxidant status in epilepsy patients compared to healthy controls.
Main Methods:
- Studied 90 epilepsy patients (19-44 years) divided into three groups: first seizures, clinical remission, and treatment-resistant epilepsy.
- Included a control group of 20 healthy individuals.
- Measured plasma levels of TBA-reactive products (pro-oxidant) and antioxidant markers including superoxide-scavenging activity, catalase, total antioxidant activity, and reduced thiols (SH groups).
Main Results:
- No significant difference in TBA-reactive products between epilepsy patients and controls.
- Significantly decreased levels of reduced SH groups, total superoxide-scavenging activity, catalase activity, and total antioxidant activity in epilepsy patients.
- Significant differences in antioxidant defense parameters were observed among the different patient groups.
Conclusions:
- Oxidative stress-related changes, particularly in antioxidant defense, are evident in epilepsy patients even after the first seizures.
- These alterations persist in treatment-resistant epilepsy and during clinical remission.
- The findings suggest distinct oxidative stress profiles associated with different stages and types of epilepsy.
Objective:
To study oxidative stress in young patients with focal symptomatic and cryptogenic epilepsy and after the new-onset epileptic seizures.
Material And Methods:
Patients, aged from 19 to 44 years, were distributed into three groups, 30 patients in each: patients after a few (first) epileptic seizures, patients in the clinical remission that has lasted at least one year, and patients with treatment-resistant epileptic seizures. The control group included 20 healthy people. Parameters of the pro-oxidant status (TBA-reactive products) and the antioxidant defense (total superoxide-scavenging activity, catalase, total antioxidant activity, and reduced thiols (SH groups)) were measured in the blood plasma.
Results:
No significant differences in the concentrations of TBA-reactive products were identified in patients with epilepsy compared with healthy controls while concentrations of reduced SH groups, total superoxide-scavenging activity, catalase activity and the total antioxidant activity were significantly decreased in patients. In addition, some of the parameters displayed significant differences between different groups of patients.
Conclusion:
In patients with epilepsy, the changes in the free-radical processes are seen already after the first seizures and persist in the treatment-resistant epilepsy and in clinical remission. Since the parameters of the activity of the antioxidant defense are significantly different in different groups of patients, one can assume that different elements of the oxidative stress are present after the first epileptic seizures and in different courses of the disease.
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