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Published on: October 11, 2018
Exploring the bi-directional relationship between sleep and resilience in adolescence
Jianwen Wang1, Xuan Zhang1, Shellie R Simons2
1Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250012, China.
Objective:
The study examined whether overall sleep quality and the sleep components comprising the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) have a bi-directional relationship with resilience among adolescents, after adjusting for sex, age, depression, and socioeconomic status, and investigated which sleep components have a stronger effect on resilience.
Methods:
A total of 1299 students (58% females; mean age, 15.79 years) participated at baseline, with 840 finishing all four study waves over the course of 24 months. Data were collected through questionnaires, including socio-demographics, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Cross-lagged models were used to analyze the relationships between sleep and resilience.
Results:
Both daytime dysfunction and sleep disturbance had an independent bi-directional relationship with resilience. Higher resilience scores predicted overall better sleep quality and shorter sleep latency, but not vice versa. Sleep disturbance and daytime dysfunction had stronger effects on resilience.
Conclusions:
These findings highlight the importance of future school interventions for sleep to improve students' resilience.
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