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We present a new framework for quantum information processing by decomposing bosonic modes into logical qubits and gauge modes. This allows applying qubit tools to continuous-variable systems, revealing how entanglement can affect encoded states.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Continuous-Variable Quantum Computing
  • Quantum Optics

Background:

  • Quantum information science typically utilizes discrete quantum systems like qubits.
  • Continuous-variable (CV) systems offer vast state spaces but are challenging to manipulate with qubit-based tools.
  • Existing frameworks struggle to bridge the gap between discrete qubit and continuous-variable quantum information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel framework for decomposing bosonic modes into logical qubits and gauge modes.
  • To enable the application of the established qubit toolkit within continuous-variable quantum information processing.
  • To analyze the impact of this decomposition on specific quantum states and identify hidden structures.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a theoretical framework for mode decomposition.
  • Modular decomposition of the position basis.
  • Application to Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) grid states.
  • Identification and disentanglement of qubit cluster states within Gaussian CV cluster states.

Main Results:

  • A method to represent a bosonic mode as a logical qubit and a gauge mode is established.
  • Decomposition of GKP states shows potential for logical state damage via entanglement with the gauge mode.
  • Qubit cluster states were identified and successfully disentangled from Gaussian CV cluster states.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed framework successfully maps bosonic modes to qubit and gauge subsystems.
  • Entanglement with the gauge mode presents a challenge for preserving logical qubit information in CV systems.
  • This work provides new avenues for utilizing CV systems in quantum computation and information tasks.