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Sample Preparation and Experimental Design for In Situ Multi-Beam Transmission Electron Microscopy Irradiation Experiments

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Enhanced Self-Seeding with Ultrashort Electron Beams.

Erik Hemsing¹, Aliaksei Halavanau¹, Zhen Zhang¹

¹SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.

Physical Review Letters

|August 16, 2020

Summary

This study introduces a new method for generating stable, narrow-band X-ray pulses using self-seeded free electron lasers (FELs). The technique ensures high coherence and intensity, similar to optical lasers.

Area of Science:

X-ray Science
Laser Physics
Particle Accelerators

Background:

Free electron lasers (FELs) are powerful sources of X-rays.
Producing stable, coherent, narrow-band X-ray pulses from FELs is challenging.
Existing self-seeding methods can lead to intensity fluctuations and multiple frequencies.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel method for generating intensity-stable, highly coherent, narrow-band X-ray pulses.
To overcome limitations of current self-seeding techniques in FELs.
To achieve FEL output with statistical properties comparable to optical lasers.

Main Methods:

Utilizing an ultrashort electron beam to create a single spike FEL pulse with a broad coherent bandwidth.
Employing a self-seeding monochromator to select a narrow spectral region.

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Amplifying the selected spectral region using an extended portion of the electron beam to full saturation.

Main Results:

Demonstrated a method for producing stable FEL pulses.
Achieved high coherence and narrow bandwidth in the X-ray output.
The output pulse exhibited statistical properties akin to a fully coherent optical laser.

Conclusions:

The new method successfully generates stable, coherent, narrow-band X-ray pulses from FELs.
This technique offers an improvement over traditional self-seeding approaches.
The results pave the way for more precise X-ray applications.