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Related Concept Videos

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder01:27

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
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Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...
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Motivational Bias01:25

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Cognitive bias results from limitations in thinking and information processing, leading to systematic errors in judgment. Conversely, motivational bias stems from personal desires or emotions, causing distortions in perception to align with self-interest. Motivational bias influences how individuals perceive and attribute causes to events, often shaped by personal needs, goals, and self-esteem preservation. This bias can distort judgment, leading to inaccurate assessments of success, failure,...
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Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
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Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), previously termed multiple personality disorder, is a complex psychological condition characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states. Each identity exhibits unique patterns of behavior, voice, and mannerisms and may possess separate memories and emotional responses. The alternating control between identities can result in memory gaps and challenges in recalling daily activities, often exacerbating the individual's...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Use of a Psychophysiological Script-driven Imagery Experiment to Study Trauma-related Dissociation in Borderline Personality Disorder
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Acute and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders: A biased nervous system.

C Allene1, K Kalalou1, F Durand1

  • 1Unité de recherche clinique, établissement public de santé Ville-Evrard, 202, avenue Jean-Jaurès, 93332 Neuilly-sur-Marne, France; Centre de psychothérapie, établissement public de santé Ville-Evrard, 5, rue du Docteur-Delafontaine, 93200 Saint-Denis, France.

Revue Neurologique
|August 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intense threats can disrupt brain circuits, leading to acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. This study explains the neurobiology of trauma from neuron to behavior.

Keywords:
ASDEmotional memoryIntrinsic connectivity networksPTSDStress response

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Trauma Studies

Background:

  • Acute stress disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder arise from exceptionally intense traumatic events.
  • Trauma can disrupt the balance between the brain's defensive and cognitive circuits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the chronological consequences of traumatogenic situations.
  • To provide a detailed explanatory model of trauma's underlying neurobiological mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of neurobiological mechanisms from neuronal to behavioral scales.
  • Chronological exploration of trauma progression from threat exposure to symptom development.

Main Results:

  • Trauma disrupts the equilibrium between defensive (stress response, implicit memory) and cognitive (voluntary response, explicit memory) circuits.
  • Overactivation of the defensive circuit can lead to its deactivation and dissociation in severe cases.

Conclusions:

  • The study presents a comprehensive neurobiological model explaining trauma development.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for addressing stress and trauma-related disorders.