The evolving capabilities of enzyme-mediated proximity labeling

Area of Science:

• Molecular Biology
• Cell Biology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Subcellular organization of proteins and RNA is essential for cellular function.
• Proximity labeling (PL) techniques have emerged as powerful tools for mapping molecular interactions.
• Understanding spatial arrangements of biomolecules in vivo is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the evolution and applications of proximity labeling techniques.
• To compare and contrast ligase-mediated and peroxidase-mediated PL methods.
• To highlight emerging trends and future opportunities in proximity labeling.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent literature on ligase-mediated proximity labeling (LPL).
• Review of recent literature on peroxidase-mediated proximity labeling (PPL).
• Comparative analysis of LPL and PPL techniques based on spatial and temporal resolution, and applications.

Main Results:

• PL techniques offer near-nanometer spatial and subminute temporal resolution for mapping biomolecules.
• Both LPL and PPL methods provide insights into the spatial organization of the proteome and transcriptome.
• Recent advancements have expanded the scope and applications of PL in various biological contexts.

Conclusions:

• Proximity labeling is a rapidly advancing field with significant potential for understanding cellular organization.
• Comparative understanding of LPL and PPL methods aids in selecting appropriate techniques for specific research questions.
• Future directions include further refinement of PL technologies and their integration with other omics approaches.