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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 11, 2025

Technique of Conjunctival Biopsy and Direct Immunofluorescence for Diagnosing Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid
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Dupilumab-Associated Blepharoconjunctivitis with Giant Papillae.

Filippos Vingopoulos1, Douglas R Lazzaro1

  • 1New York University School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, New York, NY 10017, USA.

International Medical Case Reports Journal
|August 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Severe blepharoconjunctivitis associated with dupilumab treatment can be effectively managed with high-potency corticosteroid eyedrops. This case demonstrates successful treatment without altering dupilumab therapy for atopic dermatitis.

Keywords:
atopic dermatitisblepharoconjunctivitisconjunctivitisdupilumabdupilumab adverse reactions

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Dermatology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Dupilumab is a monoclonal antibody targeting the IL-4/IL-13 pathway, widely used for atopic dermatitis.
  • Ocular surface disease is an emerging adverse effect associated with dupilumab therapy.

Observation:

  • A 22-year-old female with severe atopic dermatitis developed severe blepharoconjunctivitis with giant papillae 20 weeks after initiating dupilumab.
  • Symptoms included blurry vision, chalazia, eyelid swelling, and severe conjunctival injection.

Findings:

  • The patient was treated with difluprednate 0.05% eyedrops twice daily for 7 days.
  • Dupilumab therapy was continued without dose reduction due to significant improvement in atopic dermatitis.
  • Ocular inflammation resolved within 2 months, with minimal need for maintenance corticosteroid eyedrops.

Implications:

  • Ophthalmologists should be aware of potential ocular side effects of dupilumab.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management with topical corticosteroids can effectively treat dupilumab-associated blepharoconjunctivitis.
  • Continued dupilumab therapy is feasible in most cases of associated ocular surface disease.