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Early Visual Cortex Stimulation Modifies Well-Consolidated Perceptual Gains.

Dean Shmuel1, Sebastian M Frank2, Haggai Sharon3,4

  • 1Sagol School of Neuroscience and School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|August 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Even consolidated visual memories can be noninvasively modulated. This study shows that reactivating and stimulating the early visual cortex can alter perceptual learning, revealing underlying neural mechanisms.

Keywords:
consolidationperceptual learningrTMSreactivationreconsolidation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Perceptual Learning

Background:

  • Perceptual skills improve with practice.
  • Consolidated memories are typically stable.
  • Understanding neuromodulation of established skills is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if well-consolidated visual perceptual learning can be noninvasively neuromodulated.
  • To uncover the neural mechanisms behind modulating reactivated perceptual memories.
  • To explore potential clinical applications of neuromodulating perceptual learning.

Main Methods:

  • Participants practiced a visual task to consolidate skill memory.
  • Consolidated memory was reactivated.
  • Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) was applied over the early visual cortex.
  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) localized stimulation targets.
  • Perceptual thresholds were measured before and after stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Noninvasive brain stimulation over the early visual cortex modulated perceptual thresholds.
  • Stimulation effects were observed relative to control conditions.
  • Resting-state functional connectivity predicted the degree of modulation.
  • Results suggest involvement of early visual cortical processing.

Conclusions:

  • Previously consolidated human perceptual memories are susceptible to neuromodulation.
  • Reactivated perceptual learning can be noninvasively modulated.
  • This approach has potential clinical implications for enhancing perceptual abilities.