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Beyond PD-MCI: objectively defined subtle cognitive decline predicts future cognitive and functional changes.

Jacob D Jones1, Carmen Uribe2, Joseph Bunch2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Center on Aging, California State University San Bernardino, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA, 92407-2318, USA. Jacob.jones@csusb.edu.

Journal of Neurology
|August 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Objectively-defined subtle cognitive decline (Obj-SCD) in Parkinson's disease (PD) predicts future cognitive impairment and daily living difficulties. This classification identifies at-risk individuals earlier than mild cognitive impairment (MCI) criteria.

Keywords:
Cognitive dysfunctionDementiaEarly detectionMild cognitive impairmentNeuropsychologyParkinson’s disease

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuropsychology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment is common in Parkinson's disease (PD).
  • Early identification of individuals at risk for cognitive decline is crucial.
  • Objectively-defined subtle cognitive decline (Obj-SCD) is a novel classification for early risk detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of Obj-SCD criteria in predicting future cognitive decline in PD.
  • To assess the association between Obj-SCD and difficulties with activities of daily living (ADLs).

Main Methods:

  • 483 newly diagnosed PD participants were followed for five years.
  • Neuropsychological tests were administered yearly.
  • Participants were categorized as cognitively normal (CN), Obj-SCD, PD-mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI), or Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD).

Main Results:

  • At baseline, 8.3% of participants met Obj-SCD criteria.
  • Obj-SCD at baseline increased the likelihood of developing PD-MCI or PDD within 5 years (OR 2.413).
  • Obj-SCD indicated an intermediate level of impairment in cognition and ADLs compared to CN and PD-MCI groups.

Conclusions:

  • Obj-SCD criteria effectively identify individuals with PD at risk for cognitive decline.
  • This classification may detect individuals at risk who are missed by current PD-MCI criteria.
  • Obj-SCD aids in identifying individuals prone to ADL impairments.